Speech disorders and their correction in mentally related children of junior school age

Abstract

It is known that speech and mental development have a close relationship, in addition, the development of cognitive activity and speech are determined by certain features. It is also worth noting that the formation of speech and the development of cognitive activity are relatively autonomous, provided that the first phenomenon is based on the second. Studies by various scientists in this field prove that the development of speech in children with such types of disorders as idiocy, debility, imbecility directly depends on their intellectual abilities. But, despite this, it can be noted that there is no clear correlation between the degree of decrease in intelligence and the level of speech development. Thus, among the children who have mental retardation in the degree of debility, there are also children with a low level of speech development, with other speech disorders, and even with a high degree of speech proficiency. This article presents an analysis of studies from the fields of psychology and pedagogy, special literature on the topic of the study, the results of the ascertaining experiment on the basis of the MBOU special (correctional) elementary school kindergarten No. 3, "Neryungri district" of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Neryungri. Based on the results of diagnostics and generalization of the pedagogical experience of specialists, we selected and described in the work methods and techniques for the development of speech in children of primary school age with mental retardation.