Analysis of the effectiveness of the use of virtual and augmented reality in medical education

Abstract

In the last decade, there has been a rapid development of virtual (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies, which are used in various fields, including medical education. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the use of BP and others in the training of future doctors. The paper provides a systematic review of the literature covering 85 scientific publications from 2010 to 2023 on the use of VR and others in medical education. The inclusion criteria were: 1) the use of VR and/or DR in teaching medical students; 2) the presence of a control group; 3) assessment of the effectiveness of training using objective methods. The results of the analysis showed that the use of VR and others contributes to improving the quality of medical education. In particular, in 78% of the studies (n=66), a statistically significant improvement in theoretical knowledge and practical skills was demonstrated in students who studied using BP and OTHERS, compared with the control group (p<0.05). The average increase in knowledge was 27.3% (95% CI: 22.1-32.5%). In addition, 92% of the papers (n=78) showed an increase in student engagement and motivation when using immersive technologies. However, despite the promising results, there are currently a number of limitations preventing the widespread introduction of VR and others into medical education, including the high cost of equipment (from 500 to 5000 USD per workplace) and insufficient evidence regarding long-term effects. In conclusion, it should be noted that BP and OTHERS have significant potential for improving medical education, but further research is needed to overcome existing barriers and optimize the use of these technologies in the educational process.