Comparative analysis as a teaching method (using the example of F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment” and E. Poe’s short story “The Tell-Tale Heart”)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the consideration of the method of psychologism in the works of the American short story writer E. Poe and the Russian writer F. M. Dostoevsky. The work notes the worldwide interest in psychology in the literature of the 19th – 20th centuries. E. Poe is an innovator in the field of psychological short stories; his creative legacy influenced the poetics of many writers, in particular F.M. Dostoevsky. The relevance of the work lies in considering the features of psychologism in the works of Russian and American writers using the example of the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment” and short stories by E.A. By "The TellTale Heart". Both writers turn to the inner world of the character and focus on exploring the human soul. E. Poe in the story “The Tell-Tale Heart” and F.M. Dostoevsky in the novel “Crime and Punishment” focuses on the distorted paradigm of man; they choose a murderer or a madman as the hero in order to accurately show the change in his mental experiences. Despite the similarity of the two literary texts, there is a difference. The Russian writer turns to psychologism in order to bring Raskolnikov to the pangs of conscience, to lead him to moral purification through suffering. The anthropological premises of the Russian writer are based on the image of an intelligent person, a moral person under the supervision of conscience. The American writer is interested in a detailed description of the hero’s deteriorated spiritual state.