A differentiated approach to physical education for primary school students, taking into account the level of biological maturation according to the Philippine test

Abstract

This article examines the discrepancy between the passport age of primary school students and their individual morphofunctional development. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that current physical fitness standards ignore the phenomenon of heterochronic growth processes, in particular, the half-growth spurt. The aim of the study was to substantiate a differentiated approach to assessing and dosing loads based on a screening assessment of biological maturity using the Philippine Test. During the experiment, the sample was stratified into subgroups of retardants and accelerators. A comparative analysis of anthropometric parameters of the identified subgroups using the parametric Student's t-test revealed statistically highly significant differences (p 0.001) in body length, body weight, and arm span. Unified assessment scales were found to be methodologically untenable. The obtained empirical data served as an objective basis for the development of differentiated assessment scales. The study provides a theoretical justification and demonstrates, using specific numerical examples, an algorithm for calculating standards based on intragroup sigma deviations. It is shown that using the overall mean and overall standard deviation for a sample heterogeneous in biological age is metrologically incorrect, as it leads to a systematic underestimation of retardants and an overestimation of accelerators.