An axiological approach to the formation of value-semantic attitudes and motivation for a healthy lifestyle among future teachers in the process of professional training in physical education

Abstract

The article substantiates the relevance of applying the axiological approach in the professional training of future physical education teachers due to the unfavorable state of students’ health and the low subjective importance of a healthy lifestyle in the structure of their value orientations. The aim of the study was to provide theoretical justification and experimental verification of a methodological system aimed at developing value-semantic attitudes and sustainable motivation for a healthy lifestyle among future physical education teachers. A pedagogical experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Physical Education of the N State Pedagogical University in 2020-2023 with the participation of 180 second- to fourth-year students, divided into experimental and control groups of 90 people each, equivalent in age, gender, and academic performance. The study employed theoretical analysis of more than 120 scholarly sources, questionnaires, M. Rokeach’s «Value оrientations» test, T. Ehlers’ achievement motivation questionnaire, expert evaluations, and pedagogical observation; mathematical and statistical processing was carried out using the Statistica 10.0 software package with Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation analysis. In the experimental group, a modular program was implemented that included problem-based lectures, interactive discussions, project activities focused on the development of health improvement programs, and reflective training, while the control group followed the traditional program for the «Physical еducation» discipline. The results of the ascertaining stage showed the predominance of low and medium levels of value-semantic attitudes formation, with no statistically significant differences between the groups. By the end of the formative stage, the proportion of students with a high level in the experimental group increased to 41,1%, while the proportion with a low level decreased to 6,7%, whereas in the control group, high indicators reached only 15,6%, with 26,7% of students remaining at a low level. The integral index of the formation of value attitudes in the experimental group increased by 45,3% compared to 5,8% in the control group; strong positive correlations were found between the cognitive and emotional-value components (r = 0.81) and moderate correlations between the emotional-value and behavioral components (r = 0.67), confirming the systemic nature of the axiological transformation. It is concluded that the axiological approach is highly effective and that its institutionalization in the training programs of future physical education teachers is advisable to ensure sustainable motivation for a healthy lifestyle and the subsequent transmission of health culture to schoolchildren.