Originality and Plagiarism

Before peer review, manuscripts are screened using Antiplagiat (https://www.antiplagiat.ru) and editorial assessment. A similarity percentage is an auxiliary indicator that does not alone prove plagiarism or integrity. Quotations, standard wording, references and the characteristics of review articles are assessed in context. Decisions depend on the nature, extent and attribution of reused material.

Unacceptable practices include unmarked or unattributed copying, appropriation of others’ ideas, data or images, and concealed reuse of one’s own findings. Translation and paraphrase also require attribution. Where permission is required, permission and attribution do not replace one another. Authors disclose related publications and substantial overlap. A preprint is not duplicate publication; its record should link to the published article once available.

For questionable similarities, the editors request explanations and evidence. Minor remediable problems before publication require correction; substantial plagiarism, concealed duplication or lack of a convincing explanation may lead to rejection. Rewriting proper quotations to improve a score is not required. After publication, COPE practice (https://publicationethics.org) and the corrections policy apply: evidence and severity determine whether a correction, expression of concern, retraction or institutional investigation is warranted. Reports identifying the article, source and overlaps go to the journal’s email address on the Contacts page.