The implementation of a cultural-activity approach in the process of forming the value-semantic orientations of university students in classes on the basics of Orthodox culture

Abstract

This article is devoted to the application of the cultural-activity approach as a means of organizing educational and cognitive activities based on the principles of collaboration in the formation of value-semantic orientations of the individual within the context of Christian culture. The study provides a theoretical foundation for the topic and reviews leading scholarly perspectives on the cultural-activity approach and value-semantic orientations of the individual, as examined in both secular and Orthodox cultural contexts. The author advocates for the use of pedagogical techniques such as viewing and discussing films, staging theatrical scenes, analyzing quotations, and undertaking project-based assignments. These methods foster the engagement of learners in addressing spiritual and moral challenges and stimulate the development of value-semantic orientations grounded in one's relationship to the self, others, the environment (ecological responsibility), and the homeland (civic attitude and service). Through collaborative pursuit of ethical solutions, these techniques create conditions conducive to the internalization of moral values, the articulation of personal purpose and life trajectory, as well as the cultivation of empathy and critical thinking. Particular emphasis is placed on the concepts of conscience, virtue and sin as fundamental instruments of moral decision-making. Their interpretation necessitates an integration of ethical knowledge and ascetic experience, thereby substantiating the relevance and imperative of incorporating the study of Orthodox cultural foundations within secular higher education institutions.