Folk song as a means of spiritual and moral development of children in China

Abstract

In the context of the rapid development of modern technologies and globalization, there is an increasing need to preserve traditional cultural values and pass them on to the younger generation. Chinese folk songs, which possess a rich historical and cultural heritage, serve as an effective means of shaping spiritual and moral guidelines in children. This article examines the significance of these songs in the process of harmonious personality development, as well as substantiates their contribution to strengthening national identity and the moral foundations of society, thereby underlining the relevance of the research. The study was conducted based on a comprehensive analysis of the texts of Chinese folk songs, encompassing linguistic, historical, and cultural aspects. Additionally, the work incorporated the results of observations of the educational process, interviews with educators and parents, and a content analysis of educational and methodological materials used in children's institutions in China. For the quantitative analysis of the frequency of mentions of key spiritual and moral categories, a statistical method of content analysis was employed, enabling the identification of the most significant elements in the texts of the songs. Based on the analysis conducted, it was found that Chinese folk songs contribute to the development in children of several key spiritual and moral qualities, such as respect for elders, compassion, a sense of duty, and collective responsibility. Regular use of these songs in music classes and extracurricular activities fosters an interest in their own cultural heritage and increases the motivation for learning among children. The data obtained indicate a positive influence of folk songs on the emotional sphere and value orientations of children. Moreover, an increase in empathy and a readiness to help each other was observed among children who participated in programs that actively incorporated folk songs. The findings of the study suggest the feasibility of integrating Chinese folk songs into the system of music education and supplementary education. The application of traditional musical material contributes to the development of tolerance, moral self-awareness, and the strengthening of intercultural ties. At the same time, further research is needed on the methodologies for adapting folk songs to modern educational conditions, taking into account the age and individual characteristics of children. The conclusions of this study can be utilized by educators, developers of educational and methodological materials, and specialists in the field of music education to create effective programs aimed at developing spiritual and moral qualities.