Historical and pedagogical aspect of the integration of western vocal techniques in the Chinese national school

Abstract

This article is devoted to a comprehensive historical and pedagogical analysis of the formation of the Chinese national vocal school through the prism of the integration of Western European academic technologies. The author traces the evolution of music education in China over the course of a century: from the educational reforms of the early 20th century and the activities of the first conservatories to the current stage of Sinicisation of global experience. The work examines in detail the synthesis of traditional philosophical concepts (Lejiao, Dao, Qi) with the technical standards of bel canto. Particular attention is paid to the influence of Soviet vocal pedagogy (the schools of V. A. Bagadurov and D. L. Aspelund), which contributed to the introduction of the principles of deep breathing support and chest resonance into Chinese practice. The author analyses the pedagogical mechanisms of adapting European methods to the phonetic features of the tonal Chinese language and the aesthetic ideal of zizheng qianqian (purity of speech and roundness of sound). The study emphasises that the modern vocal system of the PRC is an open, scientifically based structure that successfully combines ethno-cultural identity with global performance competencies, ensuring the competitiveness of Chinese vocalists on the world stage.