В статье исследуется эволюция русской духовной музыки в период с X по XVII век под влиянием византийской традиции. Актуальность темы обусловлена недостаточной изученностью процессов трансформации византийского музыкального наследия на русской почве и их значения для развития отечественной культуры. Цель работы – выявить ключевые векторы и механизмы адаптации византийских музыкальных моделей в древнерусском богослужении. Исследование опирается на комплексный историко-культурологический анализ нотированных рукописей и теоретических трактатов X-XVII веков. Применяются методы сравнительного музыковедения, палеографии, текстологии. Эмпирическую базу составили 52 рукописных источника из собраний РГБ, РНБ, ГИМ. Установлено, что адаптация византийских музыкальных моделей в Древней Руси носила избирательный и творческий характер. Выявлены основные жанры и типы пения, подвергшиеся трансформации. Определены ключевые факторы формирования самобытного стиля древнерусского богослужебного пения. Полученные результаты существенно дополняют современные представления о путях развития русской музыкальной культуры в Средние века. Они открывают перспективы для дальнейшего изучения механизмов культурного трансфера между Византией и Русью.
The article examines the evolution of Russian sacred music in the period from the X to the XVII century under the influence of the Byzantine tradition. The relevance of the topic is due to the insufficient study of the processes of transformation of the Byzantine musical heritage on Russian soil and their importance for the development of national culture. The aim of the work is to identify the key vectors and mechanisms of adaptation of Byzantine musical models in ancient Russian worship. The research is based on a comprehensive historical and cultural analysis of the annotated manuscripts and theoretical treatises of the X-XVII centuries. The methods of comparative musicology, paleography, and textual studies are used. The empirical base consisted of 52 handwritten sources from the collections of the RSL, RNB, and GIM. It is established that the adaptation of Byzantine musical models in Ancient Russia was selective and creative. The main genres and types of singing that have undergone transformation are revealed. The key factors of the formation of the original style of Old Russian liturgical singing are identified. The results obtained significantly complement modern ideas about the ways of development of Russian musical culture in the Middle Ages. They open up prospects for further study of the mechanisms of cultural transfer between Byzantium and Russia.
The article examines the evolution of Russian sacred music in the period from the X to the XVII century under the influence of the Byzantine tradition. The relevance of the topic is due to the insufficient study of the processes of transformation of the Byzantine musical heritage on Russian soil and their importance for the development of national culture. The aim of the work is to identify the key vectors and mechanisms of adaptation of Byzantine musical models in ancient Russian worship. The research is based on a comprehensive historical and cultural analysis of the annotated manuscripts and theoretical treatises of the X-XVII centuries. The methods of comparative musicology, paleography, and textual studies are used. The empirical base consisted of 52 handwritten sources from the collections of the RSL, RNB, and GIM. It is established that the adaptation of Byzantine musical models in Ancient Russia was selective and creative. The main genres and types of singing that have undergone transformation are revealed. The key factors of the formation of the original style of Old Russian liturgical singing are identified. The results obtained significantly complement modern ideas about the ways of development of Russian musical culture in the Middle Ages. They open up prospects for further study of the mechanisms of cultural transfer between Byzantium and Russia.