Статья посвящена рассмотрению приема психологизма в творчестве американского новеллиста Э. По и русского писателя Ф.М. Достоевского. В работе отмечен общемировой интерес в литературе XIX – XX века к психологии. Э. По является новатором в области психологических новелл, его творческое наследие повлияло на поэтику многих писателей, в частности Ф.М. Достоевского. Актуальность работы состоит в рассмотрении особенностей психологизма в творчестве русского и американского писателя на примере романа Ф.М. Достоевского «Преступление и наказание» и новеллы Э.А. По «Сердцеобличитель». Оба писателя обращаются к внутреннему миру персонажа, акцентируют внимание на исследовании души человека. Э. По в рассказе «Сердце-обличитель» и Ф.М. Достоевский в романе «Преступление и наказание» ориентируются на искаженную парадигму человека- выбирают героем убийцу, сумасшедшего, чтобы с точностью показать изменение его душевных переживаний. Несмотря на схожесть двух художественных текстов, отмечается отличие. Русский писатель обращается к психологизму, чтобы довести Раскольникова до мук совести, привести его к нравственному очищению через страдание. Антропологические предпосылки русского писателя опираются на образ интеллигибельного человека, моральной личности, находящейся под присмотром совести. Американского писателя же интересует подробное описание ухудшенного духовного состояния героя.
The article is devoted to the consideration of the method of psychologism in the works of the American short story writer E. Poe and the Russian writer F. M. Dostoevsky. The work notes the worldwide interest in psychology in the literature of the 19th – 20th centuries. E. Poe is an innovator in the field of psychological short stories; his creative legacy influenced the poetics of many writers, in particular F.M. Dostoevsky. The relevance of the work lies in considering the features of psychologism in the works of Russian and American writers using the example of the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment” and short stories by E.A. By "The TellTale Heart". Both writers turn to the inner world of the character and focus on exploring the human soul. E. Poe in the story “The Tell-Tale Heart” and F.M. Dostoevsky in the novel “Crime and Punishment” focuses on the distorted paradigm of man; they choose a murderer or a madman as the hero in order to accurately show the change in his mental experiences. Despite the similarity of the two literary texts, there is a difference. The Russian writer turns to psychologism in order to bring Raskolnikov to the pangs of conscience, to lead him to moral purification through suffering. The anthropological premises of the Russian writer are based on the image of an intelligent person, a moral person under the supervision of conscience. The American writer is interested in a detailed description of the hero’s deteriorated spiritual state.
The article is devoted to the consideration of the method of psychologism in the works of the American short story writer E. Poe and the Russian writer F. M. Dostoevsky. The work notes the worldwide interest in psychology in the literature of the 19th – 20th centuries. E. Poe is an innovator in the field of psychological short stories; his creative legacy influenced the poetics of many writers, in particular F.M. Dostoevsky. The relevance of the work lies in considering the features of psychologism in the works of Russian and American writers using the example of the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment” and short stories by E.A. By "The TellTale Heart". Both writers turn to the inner world of the character and focus on exploring the human soul. E. Poe in the story “The Tell-Tale Heart” and F.M. Dostoevsky in the novel “Crime and Punishment” focuses on the distorted paradigm of man; they choose a murderer or a madman as the hero in order to accurately show the change in his mental experiences. Despite the similarity of the two literary texts, there is a difference. The Russian writer turns to psychologism in order to bring Raskolnikov to the pangs of conscience, to lead him to moral purification through suffering. The anthropological premises of the Russian writer are based on the image of an intelligent person, a moral person under the supervision of conscience. The American writer is interested in a detailed description of the hero’s deteriorated spiritual state.