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      <issn pub-type="epub">2311-2174</issn>
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        <article-title xml:lang="ru">&#x41F;&#x440;&#x435;&#x434;&#x441;&#x442;&#x430;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x430;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x439; &#x43A;&#x438;&#x442;&#x430;&#x439;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x44F;&#x437;&#x44B;&#x43A;&#x430; &#x43A;&#x430;&#x43A; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x43E; &#x446;&#x438;&#x444;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x433;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438;: &#x438;&#x441;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43C;&#x435;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x43C; Q-&#x43C;&#x435;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x438;</article-title>
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          <trans-title>International Chinese language teachers' perceptions of digital literacy competence: a Q-methodology study</trans-title>
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        <day>30</day>
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Q-&#x43C;&#x435;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x431;&#x44B;&#x43B;&#x430; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x430; &#x43A; &#x434;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x43C; 23 &#x43F;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x430;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x439;, &#x43E;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x432; &#x432;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445;, &#x446;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x438; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43F;&#x430;&#x434;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x440;&#x435;&#x433;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x445; &#x41A;&#x438;&#x442;&#x430;&#x44F;; &#x432;&#x441;&#x435; &#x443;&#x447;&#x430;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43B;&#x438; &#x43E;&#x43D;&#x43B;&#x430;&#x439;&#x43D; Q-&#x441;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x442;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43A;&#x443;, &#x430; 15 &#x438;&#x437; &#x43D;&#x438;&#x445; &#x442;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x436;&#x435; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43D;&#x44F;&#x43B;&#x438; &#x443;&#x447;&#x430;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438;&#x435; &#x432; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x434;&#x443;&#x44E;&#x449;&#x438;&#x445; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x435;&#x440;&#x432;&#x44C;&#x44E;. &#x424;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x439; &#x430;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x437; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x44F;&#x432;&#x438;&#x43B; &#x442;&#x440;&#x438; &#x43E;&#x440;&#x438;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438; &#x432; &#x43E;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x448;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x438; &#x446;&#x438;&#x444;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x443;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;: &#x438;&#x434;&#x435;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x443;&#x44E;, &#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x433;&#x43C;&#x430;&#x442;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x443;&#x44E; &#x438; &#x43E;&#x440;&#x438;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x443;&#x44E; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x432;&#x438;&#x442;&#x438;&#x435;, &#x430; &#x442;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x436;&#x435; &#x438;&#x437;&#x431;&#x438;&#x440;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x443;&#x44E; &#x438; &#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x436;&#x43D;&#x443;&#x44E;. &#x41F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x443;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x440;&#x435;&#x437;&#x443;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x442;&#x430;&#x442;&#x44B; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x437;&#x44B;&#x432;&#x430;&#x44E;&#x442; &#x441;&#x443;&#x449;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x447;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x432; &#x43E;&#x436;&#x438;&#x434;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;&#x445; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x430;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x439; &#x43E;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E; &#x446;&#x438;&#x444;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x440;&#x435;&#x441;&#x443;&#x440;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x432;, &#x432; &#x443;&#x432;&#x435;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x438; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x439; &#x438; &#x432; &#x433;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x435;&#x433;&#x440;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x44C; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x443;&#x441;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x439; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442; &#x438; &#x434;&#x440;&#x443;&#x433;&#x438;&#x435; &#x446;&#x438;&#x444;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x441;&#x442;&#x440;&#x443;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x44B; &#x432; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x446;&#x435;&#x441;&#x441; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x443;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;. &#x420;&#x435;&#x437;&#x443;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x442;&#x430;&#x442;&#x44B; &#x438;&#x441;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x43C;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x443;&#x442; &#x431;&#x44B;&#x442;&#x44C; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x44B; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438; &#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x440;&#x430;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43A;&#x435; &#x434;&#x438;&#x444;&#x444;&#x435;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x446;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43C;&#x43C; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x448;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x444;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438; &#x438; &#x43C;&#x435;&#x440; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x442;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x438;, &#x43D;&#x430;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x443;&#x43A;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43F;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x446;&#x438;&#x444;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x430;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x439; &#x43A;&#x438;&#x442;&#x430;&#x439;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x44F;&#x437;&#x44B;&#x43A;&#x430; &#x43A;&#x430;&#x43A; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x438; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x434;&#x435;&#x440;&#x436;&#x43A;&#x443; &#x43C;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x435;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x437;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x430;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x43A;&#x438;&#x442;&#x430;&#x439;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x44F;&#x437;&#x44B;&#x43A;&#x430;.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Teachers' perceptions of digital literacy have become an important pedagogical perspective for understanding how educators navigate the rapidly changing digital environment. This study examined international Chinese language teachers' perceptions of digital competence, identified the factor types underlying those perceptions, and proposed strategies for strengthening digital professional development. Q methodology was applied to data from 23 teachers recruited in eastern, central, and western regions of China; all participants completed an online Q-sort, and 15 also took part in follow-up interviews. Factor analysis identified three orientations toward digital teaching: idealistic, pragmatic and development-oriented, and selective and cautious. The findings reveal substantial differences in teachers' expectations of digital resources, confidence in technology use, and readiness to integrate artificial intelligence and other digital tools into teaching. The results may inform differentiated training programmes and policy interventions aimed at strengthening the digital competence of international Chinese language teachers and supporting the modernization of Chinese language education.</p>
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    </ref-list>
    <ref-list xml:lang="en">
      <title>References</title>
      <ref id="RE1">
        <mixed-citation>Ata R., Y&#x131;ld&#x131;r&#x131;m K. Exploring Turkish pre-service teachers' perceptions and views of digital literacy // Education Sciences. 2019. Vol. 9. no. 1. pp. 40.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="RE2">
        <mixed-citation>Ba&#x15F;aran B., Yalman M. Determining the perceptions of pre-service teachers on technology-based learning during the COVID-19 process: a latent class analysis approach // Education and Information Technologies. 2022. Vol. 27. no. 6. pp. 7471-7490.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="RE3">
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      <ref id="RE5">
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      </ref>
      <ref id="RE6">
        <mixed-citation>Eyvind E., Knut-Andreas C. Perceptions of digital competency among student teachers: contributing to the development of student teachers' instructional self-efficacy in technology-rich classrooms // Education Sciences. 2017. Vol. 7. no. 1. pp. 27.</mixed-citation>
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      <ref id="RE7">
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      <ref id="RE10">
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      <ref id="RE12">
        <mixed-citation>Shin D.H. The role of affordance in the experience of virtual reality learning: technological and affective affordances in virtual reality // Telematics and Informatics. 2017. Vol. 34. no. 8. pp. 1826-1836.</mixed-citation>
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      <ref id="RE13">
        <mixed-citation>Solhi M., Thumvichit A., Teimouri Y. Examining the characteristics of gritty L2 learners: a Q methodology study // Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching. 2025. pp. 1-22.</mixed-citation>
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      <ref id="RE15">
        <mixed-citation>Vaskov M., Isakov A., Bilovus V., Bulavkin A., Mikhaylenko N. Digital literacy of modern higher education teachers // E3S Web of Conferences. 2021.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="RE16">
        <mixed-citation>Venkatesh V., Morris M.G., Davis G.B., Davis F.D. User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view // MIS Quarterly. 2003. Vol. 27. no. 3. pp. 425-478.</mixed-citation>
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      <ref id="RE18">
        <mixed-citation>Wu D., Zhou C., Li Y., Chen M. Factors associated with teachers' competence to develop students' information literacy: a multilevel approach // Computers and Education. 2022. Vol. 176. pp. 104360.</mixed-citation>
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      </ref>
      <ref id="RE20">
        <mixed-citation>Yang L., Mart&#xED;nez-Abad F., Garc&#xED;a-Holgado A. Exploring factors influencing pre-service and in-service teachers' perception of digital competencies in the Chinese region of Anhui // Education and Information Technologies. 2022. Vol. 27. no. 9. pp. 12469-12494.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
