<?xml version="1.0"?>
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" dtd-version="1.4" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/xsd/JATS-archivearticle1.xsd" xml:lang="ru">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="ojs">emr</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">&#x423;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;&#x43C;: &#x442;&#x435;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430;</journal-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>Education Management Review</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2311-2174</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>&#x418;&#x43D;&#x434;&#x438;&#x432;&#x438;&#x434;&#x443;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x439; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C; &#x41F;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x437;&#x438;&#x43D; &#x41C;.&#x41C;.</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://emreview.ru/index.php/emr"/>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2416</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25726/19056-7925-7819-z</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group xml:lang="ru" subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>&#x41F;&#x420;&#x418;&#x41A;&#x41B;&#x410;&#x414;&#x41D;&#x42B;&#x415; &#x418;&#x421;&#x421;&#x41B;&#x415;&#x414;&#x41E;&#x412;&#x410;&#x41D;&#x418;&#x42F;</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">&#x41F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x44B; &#x438; &#x440;&#x435;&#x448;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x438; 3D-&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x439; &#x432;&#x438;&#x440;&#x442;&#x443;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x440;&#x435;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x434;&#x43B;&#x44F; &#x441;&#x43E;&#x437;&#x434;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438;&#x43C;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x443;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>Problems and solutions in using 3D modeling and virtual reality technologies for creating immersive learning</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>&#x412;&#x430;&#x43D;</surname>
              <given-names>&#x421;.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Wang</surname>
              <given-names>X.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
          <email>346862891@qq.com</email>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
        <aff xml:lang="ru">
          <institution content-type="orgname">&#x413;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x439; &#x433;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x443;&#x434;&#x430;&#x440;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x439; &#x443;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x432;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x442; &#x438;&#x43C;. &#x424;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x446;&#x438;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x430; &#x421;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43D;&#x44B;</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff xml:lang="en">
          <institution content-type="orgname">Francisk Skorina Gomel State University</institution>
        </aff>
      </aff-alternatives>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="epub">
        <day>30</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>15</volume>
      <issue>5-2</issue>
      <fpage>253</fpage>
      <lpage>260</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">&#xA9; 2025 &#x423;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;&#x43C;: &#x442;&#x435;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430;</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">&#xA9; 2025 Education Management Review</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">&#x423;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;&#x43C;: &#x442;&#x435;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430;</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Education Management Review</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>&#x42D;&#x442;&#x43E; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x438;&#x437;&#x432;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x434;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x443;&#x43F;&#x43D;&#x43E; &#x43F;&#x43E; &#x43B;&#x438;&#x446;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x437;&#x438;&#x438; Creative Commons &#xAB;Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives&#xBB; (&#xAB;&#x410;&#x442;&#x440;&#x438;&#x431;&#x443;&#x446;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x2014; &#x41D;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x440;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x2014; &#x411;&#x435;&#x437; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x438;&#x437;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x438;&#x437;&#x432;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x439;&#xBB;) 4.0 &#x412;&#x441;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x44F;.</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" specific-use="metadata" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>&#x41C;&#x435;&#x442;&#x430;&#x434;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x44F;&#x449;&#x435;&#x439; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43F;&#x438;&#x441;&#x438; &#x440;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x44F;&#x44E;&#x442;&#x441;&#x44F; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x443;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x438;&#x44F;&#x445; Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (&#x43F;&#x435;&#x440;&#x435;&#x434;&#x430;&#x447;&#x430; &#x432; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x449;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x434;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x44F;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;).</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" specific-use="metadata" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>The metadata of this record are distributed under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://emreview.ru/index.php/emr/article/view/2416"/>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://emreview.ru/index.php/emr/article/download/2416/1890/3567" content-type="application/pdf"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>&#x41D;&#x430;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x44F;&#x449;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x441;&#x442;&#x430;&#x442;&#x44C;&#x44F; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x432;&#x44F;&#x449;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x430; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x43F;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x441;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x43E;&#x446;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43A;&#x435; &#x44D;&#x444;&#x444;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43C;, &#x432;&#x43E;&#x437;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x44E;&#x449;&#x438;&#x445; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x435;&#x433;&#x440;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438; 3D-&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x439; &#x432;&#x438;&#x440;&#x442;&#x443;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x440;&#x435;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; (VR) &#x432; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x439; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x446;&#x435;&#x441;&#x441; &#x434;&#x43B;&#x44F; &#x441;&#x43E;&#x437;&#x434;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438;&#x43C;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x443;&#x447;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x441;&#x440;&#x435;&#x434;&#x44B;. &#x426;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x44E; &#x438;&#x441;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x431;&#x44B;&#x43B;&#x43E; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x44F;&#x432;&#x438;&#x442;&#x44C; &#x43A;&#x430;&#x43A; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x436;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x44D;&#x444;&#x444;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x44B;, &#x442;&#x430;&#x43A; &#x438; &#x43A;&#x43B;&#x44E;&#x447;&#x435;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x431;&#x430;&#x440;&#x44C;&#x435;&#x440;&#x44B;, &#x43F;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43F;&#x44F;&#x442;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x443;&#x44E;&#x449;&#x438;&#x435; &#x448;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x443; &#x432;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x434;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44E; &#x434;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x439;. &#x414;&#x43B;&#x44F; &#x434;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438;&#x436;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x44D;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x446;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x438; &#x431;&#x44B;&#x43B;&#x43E; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43E; &#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x437;&#x438;&#x44D;&#x43A;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x438;&#x441;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x431;&#x430;&#x437;&#x435; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x443;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x432;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x442;&#x430; &#x441; &#x443;&#x447;&#x430;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438;&#x435;&#x43C; 120 &#x441;&#x442;&#x443;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;. &#x423;&#x447;&#x430;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x431;&#x44B;&#x43B;&#x438; &#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x44B; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x44D;&#x43A;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x443;&#x44E; &#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x43F;&#x43F;&#x443;, &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x438;&#x437;&#x443;&#x447;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x430; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x441;&#x442;&#x440;&#x443;&#x43A;&#x446;&#x438;&#x44E; &#x43F;&#x43B;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x442;&#x430;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x440;&#x435;&#x434;&#x443;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x430; &#x441; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x449;&#x44C;&#x44E; &#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x446;&#x438;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x437;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; VR-&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x443;&#x43B;&#x44F;, &#x438; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x443;&#x44E; &#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x43F;&#x43F;&#x443;, &#x43E;&#x431;&#x443;&#x447;&#x430;&#x432;&#x448;&#x443;&#x44E;&#x441;&#x44F; &#x43F;&#x43E; &#x442;&#x440;&#x430;&#x434;&#x438;&#x446;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x43C; &#x43C;&#x435;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x43C; &#x441; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;&#x43C; &#x447;&#x435;&#x440;&#x442;&#x435;&#x436;&#x435;&#x439; &#x438; &#x444;&#x438;&#x437;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x445; &#x43C;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x435;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;. &#x42D;&#x444;&#x444;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x44C; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x443;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;, &#x432;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x44C;, &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x437;&#x43A;&#x430; &#x438; &#x441;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x43F;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x44B; &#x43A;&#x438;&#x431;&#x435;&#x440;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x437;&#x43D;&#x438; &#x43E;&#x446;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x441;&#x44C; &#x441; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x449;&#x44C;&#x44E; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x43F;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x441;&#x430; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; (&#x442;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;, &#x43E;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x438; UES, NASA-TLX, SSQ) &#x438; &#x43A;&#x430;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; (&#x438;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x435;&#x440;&#x432;&#x44C;&#x44E;, &#x444;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x443;&#x441;-&#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x43F;&#x43F;&#x44B;) &#x43C;&#x435;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;. &#x410;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x437; &#x440;&#x435;&#x437;&#x443;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x442;&#x430;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x441;&#x442;&#x440;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43B; &#x437;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x447;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x435;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x443;&#x449;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x43E; &#x438;&#x43C;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x445;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x430;. &#x41F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442; &#x430;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x443;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x432;&#x430;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x432; &#x44D;&#x43A;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x43F;&#x43F;&#x435; &#x441;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x430;&#x432;&#x438;&#x43B; 27,1%, &#x447;&#x442;&#x43E; &#x431;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x435; &#x447;&#x435;&#x43C; &#x432; &#x434;&#x432;&#x430; &#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x430; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x435;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x441;&#x438;&#x43B;&#x43E; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x437;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x43F;&#x43F;&#x44B; (9,45%). &#x421;&#x442;&#x443;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x44B;, &#x440;&#x430;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x430;&#x432;&#x448;&#x438;&#x435; &#x432; VR, &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x437;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438; &#x437;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x447;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E; &#x431;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x435; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x439; &#x443;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x44C; &#x432;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438;, &#x447;&#x443;&#x432;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x430; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x436;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x436;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E; &#x43E;&#x446;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43B;&#x438; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x433;&#x43B;&#x44F;&#x434;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x44C; &#x43C;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x440;&#x438;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x430;, &#x447;&#x442;&#x43E; &#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x43E; &#x431;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x435; &#x433;&#x43B;&#x443;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x443; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44E; &#x441;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x436;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x441;&#x442;&#x440;&#x443;&#x43A;&#x446;&#x438;&#x439;. &#x412;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x435; &#x441; &#x442;&#x435;&#x43C;, &#x438;&#x441;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x44A;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x438;&#x437;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x43E; &#x438; &#x441;&#x435;&#x440;&#x44C;&#x435;&#x437;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x44B;. &#x411;&#x44B;&#x43B;&#x430; &#x437;&#x430;&#x444;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x441;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x430; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x437;&#x43A;&#x430; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x441;&#x442;&#x443;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x432; VR-&#x441;&#x440;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435; (&#x441;&#x440;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x439; &#x431;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x43B; &#x43F;&#x43E; &#x448;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x435; NASA-TLX  68,45 &#x438;&#x437; 100), &#x430; &#x442;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x436;&#x435; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x447;&#x438;&#x435; &#x441;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x43F;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x43A;&#x438;&#x431;&#x435;&#x440;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x437;&#x43D;&#x438; &#x443; &#x437;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x447;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x447;&#x430;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x439; (&#x441;&#x440;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x439; &#x431;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x43B; &#x43F;&#x43E; SSQ 18,21), &#x447;&#x442;&#x43E; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x440;&#x430;&#x436;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x44C; &#x432; &#x434;&#x435;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x438;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438; &#x438; &#x437;&#x440;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43C; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x44F;&#x436;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x438;. &#x41A;&#x430;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x439; &#x430;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x437; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x440;&#x434;&#x438;&#x43B;, &#x447;&#x442;&#x43E; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x440;&#x44F;&#x434;&#x443; &#x441; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x43C;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x435;&#x439; &#x438; &#x431;&#x435;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x43F;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x44C;&#x44E; &#x432;&#x438;&#x440;&#x442;&#x443;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x44D;&#x43A;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;, &#x441;&#x442;&#x443;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x44B; &#x441;&#x442;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x441;&#x44C; &#x441; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x438; &#x441;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x44F;&#x43C;&#x438;, &#x441;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x436;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x44F;&#x43C;&#x438; &#x432; &#x430;&#x434;&#x430;&#x43F;&#x442;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438; &#x43A; &#x443;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44E; &#x438; &#x43E;&#x449;&#x443;&#x449;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;&#x43C; &#x441;&#x43E;&#x446;&#x438;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x438;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44F;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438;. &#x422;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x43C; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x43C;, &#x438;&#x441;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x43B;&#x44E;&#x447;&#x430;&#x435;&#x442;, &#x447;&#x442;&#x43E;, &#x43D;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x440;&#x44F; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x434;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x437;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x443;&#x44E; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x443;&#x44E; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x443;&#x44E; &#x44D;&#x444;&#x444;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x44C;, &#x443;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x448;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x432;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x434;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; VR-&#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x439; &#x442;&#x440;&#x435;&#x431;&#x443;&#x435;&#x442; &#x441;&#x438;&#x441;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x445;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x430;. &#x41D;&#x435;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x445;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x43E; &#x43D;&#x435; &#x442;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43A;&#x43E; &#x441;&#x43E;&#x437;&#x434;&#x430;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x44C; &#x43A;&#x430;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x439; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;, &#x43D;&#x43E; &#x438; &#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x440;&#x430;&#x431;&#x430;&#x442;&#x44B;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x44C; &#x43C;&#x435;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x438;, &#x43D;&#x430;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x441;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x436;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x437;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x438; &#x43C;&#x438;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x438;&#x437;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x44E; &#x444;&#x438;&#x437;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x434;&#x438;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x444;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x442;&#x430;, &#x43D;&#x430;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x440;, &#x43F;&#x443;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43C; &#x43E;&#x433;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x434;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x441;&#x435;&#x441;&#x441;&#x438;&#x439; &#x438; &#x432;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x434;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x433;&#x438;&#x431;&#x440;&#x438;&#x434;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x444;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43C;&#x430;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x443;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;, &#x441;&#x43E;&#x447;&#x435;&#x442;&#x430;&#x44E;&#x449;&#x438;&#x445; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x434;&#x438;&#x432;&#x438;&#x434;&#x443;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x443;&#x44E; &#x440;&#x430;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x443; &#x432; VR &#x441; &#x43A;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x43C; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x441;&#x443;&#x436;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;&#x43C;.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>This article is devoted to a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness and challenges arising from the integration of 3D modeling and virtual reality (VR) technologies into the educational process to create an immersive learning environment. The aim of the study was to identify both the positive effects and the key barriers hindering the widespread adoption of these technologies. To achieve this goal, a quasi-experimental study was conducted at a technical university with the participation of 120 students. The participants were divided into an experimental group, which studied the design of a planetary gearbox using a specialized VR module, and a control group, which was taught using traditional methods with drawings and physical models. Learning effectiveness, engagement, cognitive load, and cybersickness symptoms were assessed through a combination of quantitative (testing, UES questionnaires, NASA-TLX, SSQ) and qualitative (interviews, focus groups) methods. The analysis of the results demonstrated a significant advantage of the immersive approach. The increase in academic performance in the experimental group amounted to 27,1%, which was more than twice the level of the control group (9,45%). Students working in VR demonstrated significantly higher levels of engagement, a sense of immersion, and gave positive feedback on the clarity of the material, which contributed to a deeper understanding of complex spatial structures. At the same time, the study also objectively revealed serious problems. A high cognitive load on students in the VR environment was recorded (average NASA-TLX score - 68.45 out of 100), as well as the presence of cybersickness symptoms in a significant proportion of users (average SSQ score 18.21), manifested in disorientation and visual strain. Qualitative analysis confirmed that along with high motivation and the safety of virtual experiments, students encountered technical malfunctions, difficulties adapting to controls, and a feeling of social isolation. Thus, the study concludes that despite the proven high educational effectiveness, the successful implementation of VR technologies requires a systematic approach. It is necessary not only to create high-quality content but also to develop methods aimed at reducing cognitive load and minimizing physiological discomfort, for example, by limiting session duration and introducing hybrid learning formats that combine individual work in VR with group discussions.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>&#x438;&#x43C;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x443;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;</kwd>
        <kwd>&#x432;&#x438;&#x440;&#x442;&#x443;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x440;&#x435;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x44C;</kwd>
        <kwd>3D-&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;</kwd>
        <kwd>&#x43A;&#x438;&#x431;&#x435;&#x440;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x437;&#x43D;&#x44C;</kwd>
        <kwd>&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x437;&#x43A;&#x430;</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>immersive learning</kwd>
        <kwd>virtual reality</kwd>
        <kwd>3D modeling</kwd>
        <kwd>cybersickness</kwd>
        <kwd>cognitive load</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">&#x418;&#x441;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43E; &#x431;&#x435;&#x437; &#x432;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x448;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x444;&#x438;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x441;&#x438;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;.</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted without external funding.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
      <counts>
        <page-count count="8"/>
      </counts>
      <custom-meta-group>
        <custom-meta>
          <meta-name>metadata-license</meta-name>
          <meta-value>
            <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0</ext-link>
          </meta-value>
        </custom-meta>
      </custom-meta-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p/>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list xml:lang="ru">
      <title>&#x421;&#x43F;&#x438;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x43A; &#x43B;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x440;&#x430;&#x442;&#x443;&#x440;&#x44B;</title>
      <ref id="R1">
        <mixed-citation>Bolbakov R.G., Matchin V.T., Tsvetkov V.Ya. Multimedia technologies in education // Slavic forum. 2022. &#x2116; 3(37). pp. 99-109.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R2">
        <mixed-citation>Bolbakov R.G., Tsvetkov V.Ya., Matchin V.T., Mordvinov V.A. Application of immersive technologies in education // Informatization of education and science. 2023. &#x2116; 1(57). pp. 19-26.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R3">
        <mixed-citation>Chen P. The use of immersive technologies in modern education // Bulletin of the Adyghe State University. Series: Pedagogy and psychology. 2024. &#x2116; 1(333). pp. 42-47.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R4">
        <mixed-citation>Chernoyarova M.S., Ignatichev Ya.E., Arbuzova A.A. The use of virtual reality technology in the educational process // Young scientists - for the development of the National Technology Initiative (POISK). 2023. &#x2116; 1. pp. 1080-1082.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R5">
        <mixed-citation>Chumak R.R., Nezhmetdinov R.A., Nenarokomov M.D., Kovalev I.A. The use of interactive models of technological equipment for training operators in virtual reality environments // Modern science: actual problems of theory and practice. Series: Humanities. 2024. &#x2116; 10. pp. 151-154.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R6">
        <mixed-citation>Davydova D., Gilvanov R.G., Kukushkina Ya.V., Romanova I.Yu. Immersive technologies in higher education // Proceedings of the St. Petersburg State Transport University. 2023. Vol. 20. &#x2116; 1. pp. 120- 132. pp. 1-9.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R7">
        <mixed-citation>Isakieva Z.S., Grigorieva I.V., Abdurakhmanova S.N. Augmented and virtual reality: new horizons in the educational process // Scientific Review. Series 2: Humanities. 2024. &#x2116; 10. pp. 80-87.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R8">
        <mixed-citation>Kiryukhina N.V., Plekhanova N.A. Immersive technologies in teaching physics // Problems of modern pedagogical education. 2023. &#x2116; 79-2. pp. 133-136.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R9">
        <mixed-citation>Kurzaeva L.V., Kornev R., Spiridonov A.K., Egorov M.I., Makeev A.A. On the issue of developing immersive learning tools for the vocational education system // World of science. Pedagogy and psychology. 2023. Vol. 11. &#x2116; 4.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R10">
        <mixed-citation>Maltseva S.M., Sofonov D.A., Nagornov E.A. Immersive learning: prospects and challenges of introducing VR/AR/MR technologies into the educational process // Problems of modern pedagogical education. 2024. &#x2116; 85-1. pp. 233-235.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R11">
        <mixed-citation>Parchuk D.S. Integration of VR and AR technologies in education // Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2023. &#x2116; 1 (44). pp. 175-177.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R12">
        <mixed-citation>Platonova A.V. Immersion in education: new approaches to effective learning // Problems of modern pedagogical education. 2025. &#x2116; 87-1. pp. 229-232.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R13">
        <mixed-citation>Shevlyakova-Borzenko I.L. Using an immersive educational environment to develop personal potentials: advantages and risks // Pedagogical science and education. 2023. &#x2116; 3 (44). pp. 49-55.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R14">
        <mixed-citation>Shishov S.E., Kalney V.A., Zhidkikh V.A., Ryakhimova E.G., Ryzhakov M.V. Digital images in immersive learning // RMAT Bulletin. 2022. &#x2116; 3. pp. 52-66.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R15">
        <mixed-citation>Tatarinov &#x39A;.&#x391;., Anikienko N.N., Savchenko I.A., Muzyka S.M. The potential of immersive technologies in the knowledge economy // Economics and management: problems, solutions. 2024. Vol. 5. &#x2116; 2(143). pp. 38-44.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
